Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE)
What Is Eosinophilic Esophagitis?
Eosinophilic esophagitis, commonly called EoE, is a chronic inflammatory condition of the esophagus. It occurs when eosinophils, a type of white blood cell involved in allergic reactions, build up in the lining of the esophagus. Over time, this inflammation can make swallowing difficult and may lead to narrowing of the esophagus if left untreated.
EoE affects both children and adults and is often associated with food allergies, asthma, eczema, or seasonal allergies.
Common Symptoms
Symptoms of eosinophilic esophagitis can vary depending on age and severity. Common symptoms include:
- Difficulty swallowing
- Food getting stuck in the esophagus
- Chest pain that is not related to the heart
- Chronic heartburn
- Regurgitation
- Upper abdominal pain
- Poor response to acid reflux medications
Children with EoE may also experience feeding difficulties, vomiting, poor growth, or refusal to eat certain foods.
What Causes EoE?
EoE is thought to be triggered by an immune response to certain foods or environmental allergens. Common food triggers may include:
- Dairy
- Wheat
- Eggs
- Soy
- Peanuts and tree nuts
- Fish and shellfish
Many people with EoE have a personal or family history of allergic conditions.
How EoE Is Diagnosed
Diagnosing eosinophilic esophagitis typically requires an upper endoscopy with biopsy. During the procedure, your gastroenterologist examines the esophagus and collects small tissue samples that are evaluated under a microscope for eosinophils.
Your provider may also review your allergy history and discuss foods that may be contributing to your symptoms.
Treatment Options
Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation, relieving symptoms, and preventing long-term esophageal damage.
Treatment may include:
Dietary Therapy
- Eliminating foods that trigger inflammation
- Working with your provider to identify food sensitivities
Medications
- Proton pump inhibitors
- Swallowed topical corticosteroids that reduce inflammation
Esophageal Dilation
If narrowing of the esophagus has occurred, dilation may be recommended to improve swallowing and relieve symptoms.
Long-Term Management
Because EoE is a chronic condition, ongoing monitoring is important. Regular follow-up appointments and repeat endoscopy may be recommended to evaluate healing and adjust treatment as needed.
With proper management, many patients experience significant symptom improvement and can reduce their risk of complications.
Why Choose Birmingham Gastroenterology?
At Birmingham Gastroenterology, our specialists have extensive experience diagnosing and treating eosinophilic esophagitis. We provide personalized care using advanced diagnostic procedures, evidence-based treatments, and long-term management plans designed to improve swallowing, reduce inflammation, and help patients maintain a better quality of life.
If you are experiencing difficulty swallowing, food getting stuck, or persistent reflux symptoms that are not improving, schedule an appointment with Birmingham Gastroenterology today by calling (205) 271-8000.